Modeling and simulation of a quantum thermal noise on the qubit

Abstract

Quantum noise or decoherence is a major factor impacting the performance of quantum technologies. On the qubit, an important quantum noise, often relevant in practice, is the thermal noise or generalized amplitude damping noise, describing the interaction with a thermal bath at an arbitrary temperature. A qubit thermal noise however cannot be modeled nor directly simulated with a few elementary Pauli operators, but instead requires specific operators. Our main goal here is to construct a circuit model for simulating the thermal noise from standard elementary qubit operators. Starting from a common quantum-operation model based on Kraus operators and an associated qubit-environment model, we derive a proper Stinespring dilated representation for the thermal noise. This dilated unitary model is then decomposed in terms of simple elementary qubit operators, and converted into a circuit based on elementary quantum gates. We arrive at our targeted simulator circuit for the thermal noise, coming with built-in easy control on the noise parameters. The noise simulator is then physically implemented and tested on an IBM-Q quantum processor. The simulator represents a useful addition to existing libraries of quantum circuits for quantum processors, and it offers a new tool for investigating quantum signal and information processing having to cope with thermal noise.

arXiv comment15 pages, 10 figures, 47 references

References in corpus (17)

• Quantum Computing in the NISQ era and beyond
• Elementary gates for quantum computation
• Experimental Comparison of Two Quantum Computing Architectures
• From Classical to Quantum Shannon Theory
• Quantum channels and their entropic characteristics
• Performing Quantum Computing Experiments in the Cloud
• Detector Tomography on IBM 5-qubit Quantum Computers and Mitigation of Imperfect Measurement
• Communication through coherent control of quantum channels
• Noise-enhanced classical and quantum capacities in communication networks
• Measurement of the entanglement spectrum of a symmetry-protected topological state using the IBM quantum computer
• Narrow Bounds for the Quantum Capacity of Thermal Attenuators
• Quantum parameter estimation on coherently superposed noisy channels
• Stochastic resonance for quantum channels
• Stochastic resonance effects in quantum channels
• Quantum Forbidden-Interval Theorems for Stochastic Resonance
• Decoherence and noise in open quantum system dynamics
• Stochastic resonance in Gaussian quantum channels

Cited by in corpus (3)

• An Accurate and Efficient Analytic Model of Fidelity Under Depolarizing Noise Oriented to Large Scale Quantum System Design
• Qubit fidelity under stochastic Schrödinger equations driven by colored noise
• Indefinite causal order for quantum phase estimation with Pauli noise