Formation, distribution, and IR emission of dust in the clumpy ejecta of Type II-P core-collapse supernovae, in isotropic and anisotropic scenarios

Abstract

Large discrepancies are found between observational estimates and theoretical predictions when exploring the characteristics of dust formed in the ejecta of core-collapse supernovae. We revisit the scenario of dust production in typical supernova ejecta in the first 3000 days after explosion, with an improved understanding of the evolving physical conditions and the distribution of the clumps. The generic, nonuniform distribution of dust within the ejecta was determined and using that, the relevant opacities and fluxes were calculated. The dependence of the emerging fluxes on the viewing angle was estimated for an anisotropic, ellipsoidal geometry of the ejecta that imitate SN 1987A. We model the He-core from the center to its outer edge as 450 stratified, clumpy, annular shells, uniquely identified by their distinct velocities and characterized by their variations in abundances, densities, and gas and dust temperatures. We find that the formation of dust starts between day 450 and day 550 post-explosion, and it continues until about day 2800, although the first 1600 days are the most productive. The total dust mass evolves from about 10^-5 Msun at day 500 to 10^-3 Msun at day 800, finally saturating at about 0.06 Msun. The masses of the O-rich dust (silicates, alumina) dominates the C-rich dust (amorphous carbon, silicon carbide) at all times; the formation of carbon dust is delayed beyond 2000 days post-explosion. We show that the opacities are largest between days 800 and 1600, and the characteristic spectral features of O-rich dust species are suppressed at those times. The fluxes emerging along the smallest axes of the ellipsoidal ejecta are found to be the most obscured, while a viewing angle between 16 and 21 degrees with that axis appears to be in the best agreement with the fluxes from SN 1987A at days 615 and 775.

arXiv commentPublished in Astronomy & Astrophysics (A&A)

References in corpus (61)

• Nucleosynthesis in Massive Stars With Improved Nuclear and Stellar Physics
• New Interstellar Dust Models Consistent with Extinction, Emission, and Abundance Constraints
• Herschel Detects a Massive Dust Reservoir in Supernova 1987A
• Evolution of interstellar dust and stardust in the solar neighbourhood
• Three-Dimensional Simulations of Core-Collapse Supernovae: From Shock Revival to Shock Breakout
• The Evolution of Dust in the Early Universe with Applications to the Galaxy SDSS J1148+5251
• Rapid formation of large dust grains in the luminous supernova SN 2010jl
• Dust and the type II-plateau supernova 2004et
• Dust Production and Particle Acceleration in Supernova 1987A Revealed with ALMA
• Production of dust by massive stars at high redshift
• Massive-Star Supernovae as Major Dust Factories
• A Herschel PACS and SPIRE study of the dust content of the Cassiopeia A supernova remnant
• A stubbornly large mass of cold dust in the ejecta of Supernova 1987A
• A Cool Dust Factory in the Crab Nebula: A Herschel Study of the Filaments
• The 44Ti-powered spectrum of SN 1987A
• The chemistry of population III supernova ejecta: II - The nucleation of molecular clusters as a diagnostic for dust in the early universe
• Condensation of dust in the ejecta of type II-P supernovae
• An Analytic Bolometric Light Curve Model of Interaction-Powered Supernovae and its Application to Type IIn Supernovae
• The dust mass in Cassiopeia A from a spatially resolved Herschel analysis
• Electron-Ion Recombination on Grains and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
• The timing and location of dust formation in the remnant of SN 1987A
• Formation and Evolution of Dust in Type IIb Supernova with Application to the Cassiopeia A Supernova Remnant
• The dust and gas content of the Crab Nebula
• Dust growth in the interstellar medium: How do accretion and coagulation interplay?
• Dust yields in clumpy SN shells: SN 1987A revisited
• The Chemistry of Population III Supernova Ejecta: I - Formation of Molecules in the Early Universe
• Late Spectral Evolution of SN 1987A: I. Temperature and Ionization
• The chemically controlled synthesis of dust in type II-P supernovae
• Modelling supernova line profile asymmetries to determine ejecta dust masses: SN 1987A from days 714 to 3604
• Effects of grain size distribution on the interstellar dust mass growth
• The light curve of SN 1987A revisited: constraining production masses of radioactive nuclides
• Analytical Approximations for Calculating the Escape and Absorption of Radiation in Clumpy Dusty Environments
• The Importance of Physical Models for Deriving Dust Masses and Grain Size Distributions in Supernova Ejecta I: Radiatively Heated Dust in the Crab Nebula
• Interstellar and Ejecta Dust in the Cas A Supernova Remnant
• The 3-D Structure of SN 1987A's inner Ejecta
• The 9.7 and 18 um silicate absorption profiles towards diffuse and molecular cloud lines-of-sight
• The Dynamics, Destruction, and Survival of Supernova-Formed Dust Grains
• The Evolution of Dust Mass in the Ejecta of SN1987A
• A Comprehensive Analysis of Spitzer Supernovae
• The infancy of core-collapse supernova remnants
• Delayed Shock-induced Dust Formation in the Dense Circumstellar Shell Surrounding the Type IIn Supernova SN 2010jl
• Light curve analysis of ordinary type IIP supernovae based on neutrino-driven explosion simulations in three dimensions
• Twelve type II-P supernovae seen with the eyes of Spitzer
• Primordial massive supernovae as the first molecular factories in the early universe
• Radiative equilibrium estimates of dust temperature and mass in high-redshift galaxies
• The dust content of the Crab Nebula
• Radiative-transfer modeling of nebular-phase type II supernovae. Dependencies on progenitor and explosion properties
• Maximally dusty star-forming galaxies: Supernova dust production and recycling in Local Group and high-redshift galaxies
• Late formation of silicon carbide in type II supernovae
• Formulation of Non-steady-state Dust Formation Process in Astrophysical Environments
• Impact of clumping on core-collapse supernova radiation
• Element Abundances in the Unshocked Ejecta of Cassiopeia A
• The Evolution of Dust Opacity in Core Collapse Supernovae and the Rapid Formation of Dust in Their Ejecta
• Dust destruction and survival in the Cassiopeia A reverse shock
• The dust mass in Cassiopeia A from infrared and optical line flux differences
• Carbon monoxide formation and cooling in supernovae
• Measuring dust in core-collapse supernovae with a Bayesian approach to line profile modelling
• Dust Production in a Thin Dense Shell in Supernovae with Early Circumstellar Interactions
• Observational limits on the early-time dust mass in SN1987A
• SN Shock Evolution in the Circumstellar Medium surrounding SN 1987A
• Constraining early-time dust formation in core-collapse supernovae

Cited by in corpus (9)

• Emission lines due to ionizing radiation from a compact object in the remnant of Supernova 1987A
• Accurate sticking coefficient calculation for carbonaceous dust growth through accretion and desorption in astrophysical environments
• Large Cold Dust Reservoir Revealed in Transitional SN Ib 2014C by James Webb Space Telescope Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy
• Radiative-transfer models for dusty Type II supernovae
• JWST/MIRI detects the dusty SN1993J about 30 years after explosion
• SN 2016iog: A fast declining Type II-L supernova with an ultra-faint tail, persistently interacting with circumstellar material
• Revisiting the formation of molecules and dust in core collapse supernovae
• Using CSST and ejecta-wind interaction in type II-P supernovae to constrain the wind-mass loss of red supergiant stars
• Type Iax supernovae as a source of iron-rich silicate dust