Isometric embedding of a weighted Fermat-Frechet multitree for isoperimetric deformations of the boundary of a simplex to a Frechet multisimplex in the $K$-Space

Abstract

In this paper, we study the weighted Fermat-Frechet problem for a $\frac{N(N+1)}{2}-$tuple of positive real numbers determining $N$-simplexes in the $N$ dimensional $K$-Space ($N$-dimensional Euclidean space ${\mathbb{R}}^N$ if $K=0,$ the $N$-dimensional open hemisphere of radius $\frac{1}{\sqrt{K}}$ (${\mathbb{S}}_{\frac{1}{\sqrt{K}}}^N$) if $K>0$ and the Lobachevsky space ${\mathbb{H}}_K^N$ of constant curvature $K$ if $K<0$). The (weighted) Fermat-Frechet problem is a new generalization of the (weighted) Fermat problem for $N$-simplexes. We control the number of solutions (weighted Fermat trees) with respect to the weighted Fermat-Frechet problem that we call a weighted Fermat-Frechet multitree, by using some conditions for the edge lengths discovered by Dekster-Wilker. In order to construct an isometric immersion of a weighted Fermat-Frechet multitree in the $K$- Space, we use the isometric immersion of Godel-Schoenberg for $N$-simplexes in the $N$-sphere and the isometric immersion of Gromov (up to an additive constant) for weighted Fermat (Steiner) trees in the $N$-hyperbolic space ${\mathbb{H}}_K^N$. Finally, we create a new variational method, which differs from Schafli's, Luo's and Milnor's techniques to differentiate the length of a geodesic arc with respect to a variable geodesic arc, in the 3$K$-Space. By applying this method, we eliminate one variable geodesic arc from a system of equations, which give the weighted Fermat-Frechet solution for a sextuple of edge lengths determining (Frechet) tetrahedra.

47 pages, 1 figure