Neutron stars as extreme laboratories for gravity tests

Abstract

Neutron stars are versatile in their application to studying various important aspects of fundamental physics, in particular strong-field gravity tests and the equation of state for super-dense nuclear matter at low temperatures. However, in many cases these two objectives are degenerate to each other. We discuss how pulsar timing and gravitational waves provide accurate measurements of neutron star systems and how to effectively break the degeneracy using tools like universal relations. We also present perspectives on future opportunities and challenges in the field of neutron star physics.

arXiv comment5 pages, 2 figures; accepted by Science Bulletin

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• First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope Results. VI: Testing the Black Hole Metric
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• Approximate Universal Relations for Neutron Stars and Quark Stars
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• Astrophysical and theoretical physics implications from multimessenger neutron star observations
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Cited by in corpus (13)

• Prospects for Constraining the Yukawa Gravity with Pulsars around Sagittarius A*
• Neutron stars in the bumblebee theory of gravity
• A tight universal relation between the shape eccentricity and the moment of inertia for rotating neutron stars
• Effects from Dark Matter Halos on X-ray Pulsar Pulse Profiles
• New limits on the local Lorentz invariance violation of gravity in the Standard-Model Extension with pulsars
• Moment of Inertia for Axisymmetric Neutron Stars in the Standard-Model Extension
• Vetting quark-star models with gravitational waves in the hierarchical Bayesian framework
• Tests of Classical Gravity with Radio Pulsars
• Seeking the nearest neutron stars using a new local electron density map
• Scalarized neutron stars with a highly relativistic core in scalar-tensor gravity
• Neutron stars more compact than black holes as a probe of strong-field gravity
• Inferring neutron-star Love-Q relations from gravitational waves in the hierarchical Bayesian framework
• Lightweight posterior construction for gravitational-wave catalogs with the Kolmogorov-Arnold network