Towards the determination of the gluon helicity distribution in the nucleon from lattice quantum chromodynamics
arXiv:2207.08733 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.106.094511
Abstract
We present the first exploratory lattice quantum chromodynamics (QCD) calculation of the polarized gluon Ioffe-time pseudo-distribution in the nucleon. The Ioffe-time pseudo-distribution provides a frame-independent and gauge-invariant framework to determine the gluon helicity in the nucleon from first principles. We employ a high-statistics computation using a lattice ensemble characterized by a MeV pion mass and a fm lattice spacing. We establish the pseudo-distribution approach as a feasible method to address the proton spin puzzle with successive improvements in statistical and systematic uncertainties anticipated in the future. Within the statistical precision of our data, we find a good comparison between the lattice determined polarized gluon Ioffe-time distribution and the corresponding expectations from the state-of-the-art global analyses. We find a hint for a nonzero gluon spin contribution to the proton spin from the model-independent extraction of the gluon helicity pseudo-distribution over a range of Ioffe-time, .
Version to be published in Phys. Rev. D, 24 pages, 13 figures
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