Nonlinear magnetohydrodynamic modeling of current-drive-induced sawtooth-like crashes in the W7-X stellarator

Abstract

Sawtooth-like core electron temperature crashes have been observed in W7-X experiments with electron cyclotron current drive. We present nonlinear single-fluid magnetohydrodynamic simulations of this phenomenon using the newly developed stellarator modeling capability of the M3D-$C^1$ code. The near-axis current drive gives rise to two $\iota =1$ resonances in the equilibrium rotational transform profile so that two consecutive $(1,1)$ internal kink modes are seen in the simulations. A small-amplitude crash at the inner resonance occurs first, which may correspond to the sawtooth precursors observed in the experiments. A bigger crash at the outer resonance then flattens the core temperature profile, which shows semi-quantitative agreements with experimental measurements on certain metrics such as the crash amplitude and the inversion radius of the temperature change. These results illustrate a likely mechanism of the current-drive-induced sawtooth-like crashes in W7-X and, to some extent, validate the stellarator modeling capability of M3D-$C^1$.

8 pages, 8 figures

References in corpus (5)

• Magnetic flux pumping in 3D nonlinear magnetohydrodynamic simulations
• Approach to nonlinear magnetohydrodynamic simulations in stellarator geometry
• JOREK3D: An extension of the JOREK nonlinear MHD code to stellarators
• Testing of the new JOREK stellarator-capable model in the tokamak limit
• Nonlinear MHD simulation of core plasma collapse events in stellarators

Cited by in corpus (3)

• Benign saturation of ideal ballooning instability in a high-performance stellarator
• Sawtooth crash in tokamak as a sequence of Multi-region Relaxed MHD equilibria
• Nonlinear magnetohydrodynamic modeling of ideal ballooning modes in high-$\beta$ Wendelstein 7-X plasmas