Thermoelectrics: from Longitudinal to Transverse

Abstract

In this article, we show fundamentals and recent advances on the transverse thermoelectric generation, in which a thermopower is generated in the direction perpendicular to an applied temperature gradient. Transverse thermoelectric generation is one of the central topics in condensed matter physics, and can be a breakthrough approach to solve long-standing technological problems with contact resistances in thermoelectric generators. We review here the six currently known driving mechanisms: the ordinary Nernst effect, the anomalous Nernst effect, goniopolar materials, the spin Seebeck effect, Seebeck-driven transverse thermoelectric generation, and ($p\times n$)-type multilayers. This article summarizes the principles and functionalities of these transverse thermoelectric effects and discusses their potential as "Future energy".

arXiv comment9 pages, 3 figures

References in corpus (5)

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• Thermoelectric generation based on spin Seebeck effects
• Heat flux sensing by anomalous Nernst effect in Fe-Al thin films on a flexible substrate
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Cited by in corpus (19)

• Creation of flexible spin-caloritronic material with giant transverse thermoelectric conversion by nanostructure engineering
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• Fundamentals and advances in transverse thermoelectrics
• Permanent-magnet-based transverse thermoelectric generator with high fill factor driven by anomalous Nernst effect
• Multifunctional composite magnet realizing record-high transverse thermoelectric generation
• Seebeck-driven transverse thermoelectric generation in magnetic hybrid bulk materials
• Transverse thermoelectric conversion in the mixed-dimensional semimetal WSi${}_2$
• Ultrahigh Anomalous Nernst Thermopower and Thermal Hall Angle in YbMnBi2
• Direct electrical probing of anomalous Nernst conductivity
• Simultaneous achievement of large anomalous Nernst effect and reduced thermal conductivity in sintered polycrystalline topological Heusler ferromagnets
• Non-equilibrium Magnon Engineering Enabling Significant Thermal Transport Modulation
• High-throughput development of flexible amorphous materials showing large anomalous Nernst effect via automatic annealing and thermoelectric imaging
• Carrier filtering effect for enhanced thermopower in a body-centered tetragonal ruthenate
• Quantitative measurements of transverse thermoelectric generation and cooling performances in SmCo${}_5$/Bi${}_{0.2}$Sb${}_{1.8}$Te${}_3$-based artificially tilted multilayer module
• Designing flexible hard magnetic materials for zero-magnetic-field operation of the anomalous Nernst effect
• Spin caloritronics: History and future prospects of experiments
• Topological Lifshitz transition-induced bipolarity of anomalous Nernst effect in kagome magnet YCo3
• Large Transverse Thermoelectric Effect in Weyl Semimetal TaIrTe${}_4$ Engineered for Photodetection
• Design Principles for Topological Thermoelectrics