Success of Social Inequality Measures in Predicting Critical or Failure Points in Some Models of Physical Systems

Abstract

Statistical physicists and social scientists both study extensively some characteristic features of the unequal distributions of energy, cluster or avalanche sizes and of income, wealth etc among the particles (or sites) and population respectively. While physicists concentrate on the self-similar (fractal) structure (and the characteristic exponents) of the largest (percolating) cluster or avalanche, social scientists study the inequality indices like Gini and Kolkata etc given by the non-linearity of the Lorenz function representing the cumulative fraction of the wealth possessed by different fraction of the population. We review here, using results from earlier publications and some new numerical as well as analytical results, how the above-mentioned social inequality indices, when extracted from the unequal distributions of energy (in kinetic exchange models), cluster sizes (in percolation models) or avalanche sizes (in self-organized critical or fiber bundle models) can help in a major way in providing precursor signals for an approaching critical point or imminent failure point. Extensive numerical and some analytical results have been discussed.

Invited contribution on "Editor's Challenge in Interdisciplinary Physics: What is Interdisciplinary Physics?" in Frontiers in Physics

References in corpus (3)

• Measuring social inequality with quantitative methodology: analytical estimates and empirical data analysis by Gini and $k$ indices
• Limiting Value of the Kolkata Index for Social Inequality and a Possible Social Constant
• Social Inequality Analysis of Fiber Bundle Model Statistics and Prediction of Materials Failure

Cited by in corpus (1)

• Sandpile Universality in Social Inequality: Gini and Kolkata Measures