Non-equilibrium charmonium regeneration in strongly coupled quark-gluon plasma

Abstract

The evaluation of quarkonium regeneration in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions (URHICs) requires the knowledge of the heavy-quark phase space distributions in the expanding quark-gluon plasma (QGP) fireball. We employ a semi-classical charmonium transport approach where regeneration processes explicitly account for the time-dependent spectra of charm quarks via Langevin simulations of their diffusion. The inelastic charmonium rates and charm-quark transport coefficients are computed from the same charm-medium interaction. The latter is modeled by perturbative rates, augmented with a $K$-factor to represent nonperturbative interaction strength and interference effect. Using central 5.02~TeV Pb-Pb collisions as a test case we find that a good description of the measured $J/\psi$ yield and its transverse-momentum dependence can be achieved if a large $K\gtrsim 5$ is employed while smaller values lead to marked discrepancies. This is in line with open-charm phenomenology in URHICs, where nonperturbative interactions of similar strength are required. Our approach establishes a common transport framework for a microscopic description of open and hidden heavy-flavor (HF) observables that incorporates both nonperturbative and non-equilibrium effects, and thus enhances the mutual constraints from experiment on the extraction of transport properties of the QGP.

7 pages, 3 figures

References in corpus (7)

• Glauber Modeling in High Energy Nuclear Collisions
• Heavy quark diffusion in perturbative QCD at next-to-leading order
• Color Screening and Regeneration of Bottomonia in High-Energy Heavy-Ion Collisions
• Transverse Momentum Spectra of J/ψin Heavy-Ion Collisions
• Open and hidden charm in proton-nucleus and heavy-ion collisions
• Charmonium dissociation and recombination at RHIC and LHC
• Extraction of the Heavy-Quark Potential from Bottomonium Observables in Heavy-Ion Collisions

Cited by in corpus (9)

• Simulation of Lindblad equations for quarkonium in the quark-gluon plasma
• Recombination of $B_c$ mesons in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• Charmonium Transport in Ultra-Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions at the LHC
• Accelerated quantum circuit Monte-Carlo simulation for heavy quark thermalization
• Formation, dissociation and regeneration of charmonia within microscopic Langevin simulations
• Non-thermal distributions of charm and charmonium in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• Recent results and upgrade of the ALICE muon spectrometer
• Absorption of $\psi (2S)$ mesons in nuclei
• Complex-valued in-medium potential between heavy impurities in ultracold atoms