Dirichlet law for factorization of integers, polynomials and permutations

Abstract

Let $k\ge 2$ be an integer. We prove that factorization of integers into $k$ parts follows the Dirichlet distribution $\text{Dir}\left(\frac{1}{k},\dots ,\frac{1}{k}\right)$ by multidimensional contour integration, thereby generalizing the Deshouillers-Dress-Tenenbaum (DDT) arcsine law on divisors where $k=2$. The same holds for factorization of polynomials or permutations. Dirichlet distribution with arbitrary parameters can be modelled similarly.

arXiv comment24 pages; to appear in Math. Proc. Cambridge Philos. Soc