Compact 459 nm Cs cell optical frequency standard with $2.1\times {10}^{-13}/\sqrt{\tau }$ short-term stability

Abstract

We achieve a compact optical frequency standard with an extended cavity diode laser locked to the 459 nm 6S${}_{1/2}$ - 7P${}_{1/2}$ transition of thermal ${}^{133}$Cs atoms in a $\varphi$ 10 mm $\times$ 50 mm glass cell, using modulation transfer spectroscopy (MTS). The self-estimated frequency stability of this laser is $1.4\times {10}^{-14}/\sqrt{\tau }$. With heterodyne measurement, we verify the linewidth-narrowing effect of MTS locking and measure the frequency stability of the locked laser. The linewidth of each laser is reduced from the free-running 69.6 kHz to 10.3 kHz after MTS stabilization, by a factor of 6.75. The Allan deviation measured via beat detection is $2.1\times {10}^{-13}/\sqrt{\tau }$ for each MTS-stabilized laser. In addition, we measure the hyperfine structure of the 7P${}_{1/2}$ energy level based on the heterodyne measurements, and calculate the magnetic dipole constant $A$ of the Cs 7P${}_{1/2}$ level to be 94.38(6) MHz, which agrees well with previous measurements. This compact optical frequency standard can also be used in other applications that require high-stability lasers, such as laser interferometry, laser cooling, geodesy, and so on.

arXiv comment9 pages, 8 figures, submitted to Physical Review Applied, under review

References in corpus (18)

• An Optical Lattice Clock with Accuracy and Stability at the $10^{-18}$ Level
• Atomic clock performance beyond the geodetic limit
• An ${}^{27}$Al${}^{+}$ quantum-logic clock with systematic uncertainty below $10^{-18}$
• Geodesy and metrology with a transportable optical clock
• Frequency ratio of two optical clock transitions in ${}^{171}$Yb${}^{+}$ and constraints on the time-variation of fundamental constants
• Gravitational wave detection with optical lattice atomic clocks
• A Fermi-degenerate three-dimensional optical lattice clock
• Improved limit on a temporal variation of $m_p/m_e$ from comparisons of Yb${}^{+}$ and Cs atomic clocks
• Seconds-scale coherence in a tweezer-array optical clock
• Compact Optical Atomic Clock Based on a Two-Photon Transition in Rubidium
• High-performance, compact optical standard
• Wideband laser locking to an atomic reference with modulation transfer spectroscopy
• Dual-Frequency Sub-Doppler Spectroscopy: Extended Theoretical Model and Microcell-Based Experiments
• Optimization strategies for modulation transfer spectroscopy applied to laser stabilization
• Laser frequency stabilization by combining modulation transfer and frequency modulation spectroscopy
• A Prototype of a Compact Rubidium-Based Optical Frequency Reference for Operation on Nanosatellites
• Absolute Frequency Measurement of Rubidium 5S-7S Two-Photon Transitions
• Correlation trends in the hyperfine structure for Rb, Cs, Fr and high-accuracy predictions for hyperfine constants

Cited by in corpus (1)

• Direct spectroscopy of Rubidium using a narrow-line transition at 420 nm