A hidden signal in Hofstadter's $H$ sequence

Abstract

The Hofstadter $H$ sequence is defined by $H(1)=1$ and $H(n)=n-H(H(H(n-1)))$ for $n>1$. If $\alpha$ is the real root of $x^3+x=1$ we show that the numbers $\alpha H(n)\mathrm{mod}1$ are not uniformly distributed on $[0,1]$, but converge to a distribution we believe is continuous but not differentiable. This is motivated by a discovery of Steinerberger, who found a real number with similar behavior for the Ulam sequence. Our result is related with the fact that a certain sequence defined from the linear recurrence $h_n=h_{n-1}+h_{n-3}$ has the property $\Vert x{h}_n\Vert \to 0$ precisely for $x\in \mathbb{Z}[\alpha ]$, a phenomenon we inquire for general linear recurrent sequences of integers.