Variational thermal quantum simulation of the lattice Schwinger model

Abstract

Confinement of quarks due to the strong interaction and the deconfinement at high temperatures and high densities are a basic paradigm for understanding the nuclear matter. Their simulation, however, is very challenging for classical computers due to the sign problem of solving equilibrium states of finite-temperature quantum chromodynamical systems at finite density. In this paper, we propose a variational approach, using the lattice Schwinger model, to simulate the confinement or deconfinement by investigating the string tension. We adopt an ansatz that the string tension can be evaluated without referring to quantum protocols for measuring the entropy in the free energy. Results of numeral simulation show that the string tension decreases both along the increasing of the temperature and the chemical potential, which can be an analog of the phase diagram of QCD. Our work paves a way for exploiting near-term quantum computers for investigating the phase diagram of finite-temperature and finite density for nuclear matters.

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Cited by in corpus (12)

• Scattering wave packets of hadrons in gauge theories: Preparation on a quantum computer
• Quench dynamics of the Schwinger model via variational quantum algorithms
• Primitive Quantum Gates for an SU(3) Discrete Subgroup: $\Sigma (36\times 3)$
• Liouvillian Dynamics of the Open Schwinger Model: String Breaking and Kinetic Dissipation in a Thermal Medium
• Efficient Quantum Simulation of QCD Jets on the Light Front
• Variational quantum algorithms for scanning the complex spectrum of non-Hermitian systems
• Scattering Amplitude from Quantum Computing with Reduction Formula
• Characterization of variational quantum algorithms using free fermions
• End-to-end complexity for simulating the Schwinger model on quantum computers
• Quantum computation in fermionic thermal field theories
• Quantum computing of chirality imbalance in SU(2) gauge theory
• Variational quantum simulation of the quantum critical regime