Semiclassics with 't Hooft flux background for QCD with $2$-index quarks

Abstract

We study quantum chromodynamics including the two-index symmetric or anti-symmetric quark (QCD(Sym/ASym)) on small ${\mathbb{R}}^2\times T^2$ with a suitable magnetic flux. We first discuss the 't Hooft anomaly of these theories and claim that discrete chiral symmetry should be spontaneously broken completely to satisfy the anomaly matching condition. The $T^2$ compactification with the magnetic flux preserves the 't Hooft anomaly, and the $2$d effective theory is constrained by the same anomaly of $4$d QCD(Sym/ASym). We demonstrate the spontaneous breakdown of chiral symmetry using the dilute gas of center vortices, which confirms the prediction of the 't Hooft anomaly. We also find that each vacuum maintains the charge conjugation symmetry, and this gives affirmative support for the nonperturbative large-$N$ orientifold equivalence between QCD(Sym/ASym) and $\mathcal{N}=1$ supersymmetric $SU(N)$ Yang-Mills theory.

arXiv comment24 pages, no figure

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• Gauge theory geography: charting a path between semiclassical islands
• Winding theta and destructive interference of instantons
• Monopole-vortex continuity of $\mathcal{N}=1$ super Yang-Mills theory on ${\mathbb{R}}^2\times S^1\times S^1$ with 't Hooft twist
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• Novel first-order phase transition and critical points in SU(3) Yang-Mills theory with spatial compactification