Normalized ground states and threshold scattering for focusing NLS on ${\mathbb{R}}^d\times \mathbb{T}$ via semivirial-free geometry

Abstract

We study the focusing NLS \begin{align}\label{nls_abstract} i\partial_t u+Δ_{x,y} u=-|u|^αu\tag{NLS} \end{align} on the waveguide manifold ${\mathbb{R}}^d\times \mathbb{T}$ in the intercritical regime $\alpha \in (\frac{4}{d},\frac{4}{d-1})$. By assuming that the \eqref{nls_abstract} is independent of $y$, it reduces to the focusing intercritical NLS on ${\mathbb{R}}^d$, which is known to have standing wave and finite time blow-up solutions. Naturally, we ask whether these special solutions with non-trivial $y$-dependence exist. In this paper we give an affirmative answer to this question. To that end, we introduce the concept of \textit{semivirial} functional and consider a minimization problem $m_c$ on the semivirial-vanishing manifold with prescribed mass $c$. We prove that for any $c\in (0,\infty )$ the variational problem $m_c$ has a ground state optimizer $u_c$ which also solves the standing wave equation $$-{\Delta }_{x,y}{u}_c+{\beta }_c{u}_c=|u{|}^{\alpha }u$$ with some ${\beta }_c>0$. Moreover, we prove the existence of a critical number $c_{\ast }\in (0,\infty )$ such that \begin{itemize} \item For $c\in (0,c_{\ast })$, any optimizer $u_c$ of $m_c$ must satisfy $\pt_y u_c\neq 0$. \item For $c\in (c_{\ast },\infty )$, any optimizer $u_c$ of $m_c$ must satisfy $\pt_y u_c=0$. \end{itemize} Finally, we prove that the previously constructed ground states characterize a sharp threshold for the bifurcation of scattering and finite time blow-up solutions in dependence of the sign of the semivirial.