Two-dimensional characterization of three-dimensional magnetic bubbles in Fe${}_3$Sn${}_2$ nanostructures

Abstract

We report differential phase contrast scanning transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of nanoscale magnetic objects in Kagome ferromagnet Fe${}_3$Sn${}_2$ nanostructures. This technique can directly detect the deflection angle of a focused electron beam, thus allowing clear identification of the real magnetic structures of two magnetic objects including three-ring and complex arch-shaped vortices in Fe${}_3$Sn${}_2$ by Lorentz transmission electron microscopy imaging. Numerical calculations based on real material-specific parameters well reproduced the experimental results, showing that the magnetic objects can be attributed to integral magnetizations of two types of complex three-dimensional (3D) magnetic skyrmion bubbles with depth-modulated spin twisting. Magnetic configurations obtained using the high-resolution TEM are generally considered as two-dimensional (2D) magnetic objects previously. Our results imply the importance of the integral magnetizations of underestimated 3D magnetic structures in 2D TEM magnetic characterizations.

References in corpus (2)

• Direct imaging of a zero-field target skyrmion and its polarity switch in a chiral magnetic nanodisk
• Tailoring magnetic energies to form dipole skyrmions and skyrmion lattices

Cited by in corpus (2)

• Current-Controlled Topological Magnetic Transformations in a Nanostructured Kagome Magnet
• Current-driven Dynamics of Skyrmion Bubbles in Achiral Uniaxial Magnets