Conductivity of Two-dimensional Dirac Electrons Close to Merging in Organic Conductor $\alpha$-STF${}_2$I${}_3$ at Ambient Pressure

Abstract

The electric conductivity of Dirac electrons in the organic conductor $\alpha$-STF${}_2$I${}_3$ (STF = bis(ethylenedithio)diselenadithiafulvalene), which has an isostructure of ET(=bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene), has been theoretically studied using a two-dimensional tight-binding model in the presence of both impurity and electron-phonon (e-p) scatterings.In contrast to ET, which has a Dirac cone with almost isotropic velocity, STF provides a large anisotropy owing to a Dirac point that is close to merging. As a result, ${\sigma }_x$ becomes much larger than ${\sigma }_y$, where ${\sigma }_y$ and ${\sigma }_x$ are diagonal conductivities parallel and perpendicular to a stacking axis of molecules, respectively. With increasing temperature ($T$), ${\sigma }_x$ takes a broad maximum because of e-p scattering and ${\sigma }_y$ remains almost constant. The ratio ${\sigma }_x/{\sigma }_y$ is analyzed in terms of the band structure. Such an exotic conductivity of STF is compared with that of an experiment showing a good correspondence. Finally, ${\sigma }_x/{\sigma }_y$ values of ET and BETS(= bis(ethylenedithio)tetraselenafulvalene) are shown to demonstrate the dissimilarity with STF.

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