Spin chain on a metallic surface: Dissipation-induced order vs. Kondo entanglement

Abstract

We explore the physics of a spin-1/2 Heisenberg chain with Kondo interaction, $J_k$, to a two-dimensional electron gas. At weak $J_k$ the problem maps onto a Heisenberg chain locally coupled to a dissipative Ohmic bath. At the decoupled fixed point, the dissipation is a marginally relevant perturbation and drives long-range antiferromagnetic order along the chain. In the dynamical spin structure factor we observe a quadratic low-energy dispersion akin to Landau-damped Goldstone modes. At large $J_k$ Kondo screening dominates, and the spin correlations of the chain inherit the power law of the host metal, akin to a paramagnetic heavy Fermi liquid. In both phases we observe heavy bands near the Fermi energy in the composite-fermion spectral function. Our results, obtained from auxiliary-field quantum Monte Carlo simulations, provide a unique negative-sign-free realization of a quantum transition between an antiferromagnetic metal and a heavy-fermion metal. We discuss the relevance of our results in the context of scanning tunneling spectroscopy experiments of magnetic adatom chains on metallic surfaces.

6 pages, 7 figures + supplemental material (11 pages, 12 figures)

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• Dissipation-driven quantum phase transitions in a Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid electrostatically coupled to a metallic gate
• Theory of inelastic scattering from quantum impurities
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• Fractionalized Fermi liquids and the cuprate phase diagram
• Probing Defects with Quantum Simulator Snapshots
• Kondo breakdown transitions and phase-separation tendencies in valence-fluctuating heavy-fermion materials
• Tunable quantum criticality and pseudocriticality across the fixed-point annihilation in the anisotropic spin-boson model
• Antiferromagnetism and Stripe Channel Order in the $\mathrm{SU}(N)$-Symmetric Two-Channel Kondo Lattice Model
• Phases and phase transitions of an $S=3/2$ chain on metallic and semi-metallic surfaces