Dynamical dimensional reduction in multi-valued Hamiltonians

Abstract

Several interesting physical systems, such as the Lovelock extension of General Relativity in higher dimensions, classical time crystals, k-essence fields, Horndeski theories, compressible fluids, and nonlinear electrodynamics, have apparent ill defined sympletic structures, due to the fact that their Hamiltonians are multi-valued functions of the momenta. In this paper, the dynamical evolution generated by such Hamiltonians is described as a degenerate dynamical system, whose sympletic form does not have a constant rank, allowing novel features and interpretations not present in previous investigations. In particular, it is shown how the multi-valuedness is associated with a dynamical mechanism of dimensional reduction, as some degrees of freedom turn into gauge symmetries when the system degenerates.

arXiv comment8 pages, 3 figures. Replaced to match published version

References in corpus (10)

• Quantum Time Crystals
• Classical Time Crystals
• Caustics in Tachyon Matter and Other Born-Infeld Scalars
• Challenges to global solutions in Horndeski's theory
• Degenerate Dynamical Systems
• Formation of caustics in k-essence and Horndeski theory
• Uses of Chern-Simons actions
• Quantum Degenerate Systems
• Critical collapse in K-essence models
• Degeneracy Index and Poincaré-Hopf Theorem

Cited by in corpus (2)

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