MIGHTEE-HI: the HI Size-Mass relation over the last billion years

Abstract

We present the observed HI size-mass relation of $204$ galaxies from the MIGHTEE Survey Early Science data. The high sensitivity of MeerKAT allows us to detect galaxies spanning more than 4 orders of magnitude in HI mass, ranging from dwarf galaxies to massive spirals, and including all morphological types. This is the first time the relation has been explored on a blind homogeneous data set which extends over a previously unexplored redshift range of $0<z<0.084$, i.e. a period of around one billion years in cosmic time. The sample follows the same tight logarithmic relation derived from previous work, between the diameter ($D_{\mathrm{HI}}$) and the mass ($M_{\mathrm{HI}}$) of HI discs. We measure a slope of $0.501\pm 0.008$, an intercept of $-3.252_{-0.074}^{+0.073}$, and an observed scatter of $0.057$ dex. For the first time, we quantify the intrinsic scatter of $0.054\pm 0.003$ dex ($\sim 10\%$), which provides a constraint for cosmological simulations of galaxy formation and evolution. We derive the relation as a function of galaxy type and find that their intrinsic scatters and slopes are consistent within the errors. We also calculate the $D_{\mathrm{HI}}-M_{\mathrm{HI}}$ relation for two redshift bins and do not find any evidence for evolution with redshift. These results suggest that over a period of one billion years in lookback time, galaxy discs have not undergone significant evolution in their gas distribution and mean surface mass density, indicating a lack of dependence on both morphological type and redshift.

10 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS

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• The Tiered Radio Extragalactic Continuum (T-RECS) simulation II: HI emission and continuum-HI cross-correlation
• Detecting the HI Power Spectrum in the Post-Reionization Universe with SKA-Low
• New constraints on the evolution of the MHI-M* scaling relation combining CHILES and MIGHTEE-HI data
• Emission-line Stacking of 21cm Intensity Maps with MeerKLASS: Inference Pipeline and Application to the L-band Deep-field Data
• WALLABY Pilot Survey: The diversity of HI structural parameters in nearby galaxies
• MIGHTEE-HI: The direct detection of neutral hydrogen in galaxies at $z>0.25$
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