Supersolid-like square- and honeycomb-lattice crystallization of droplets in a dipolar condensate

Abstract

We demonstrate a supersolid-like spatially-periodic square- and honeycomb-lattice crystallization of droplets, in addition to the commonly-studied triangular-lattice crystallization, in a cylindrically-symmetric quasi-two-dimensional trapped dipolar condensate, using a beyond-mean-field model including a quantum-fluctuation Lee-Huang-Yang-type interaction. These three types of crystallization of droplets may appear for the same atomic interactions and the same trap frequencies. The energy $E$ of all three crystallization as a function of number $N$ of atoms satisfy the universal scaling relation $E\sim N^{0.4}$ indicating that all three arrangements of the droplets should be energetically probable processes of phenomenological interest. The state of square-lattice crystallization may have the central site occupied or unoccupied, corresponding to a parity-symmetric or parity-antisymmetric state, respectively. The state of square-lattice crystallization with the occupied central site and the state of triangular-lattice crystallization, for a fixed $N$, constitute two quasi-degenerate ground states while the other states are low-lying excited states. This makes the square-lattice crystallization with the occupied central site an ideal candidate for future experimental observation.

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Cited by in corpus (16)

• Vortices in dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates
• Control of ${}^{164}$Dy Bose-Einstein condensate phases and dynamics with dipolar anisotropy
• Supersolid Stacks in Antidipolar Bose-Einstein Condensates
• Classical linear chain behavior from dipolar droplets to supersolids
• Spontaneous dipolar Bose-Einstein condensation on the surface of a cylinder
• Supersolid-like square- and triangular-lattice crystallization of dipolar droplets in a box trap
• Frustration in a dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate introduced by an optical lattice
• Ground-state properties of dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates with spin-orbit coupling and quantum fluctuations
• Dipole-mode and scissors-mode oscillations of a dipolar supersolid
• Expansion dynamics of a cylindrical-shell-shaped strongly dipolar condensate
• Giant vortex in a harmonically-trapped rotating dipolar ${}^{164}$Dy condensate
• Spatially-periodic states in a strongly dipolar ${}^{164}$Dy-${}^{162}$Dy mixture
• Long lifetime supersolid in a two-component dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate
• Density engineering via inter-condensate dipole-dipole interactions
• Chiral supersolid and dissipative time crystal in Rydberg-dressed Bose-Einstein condensates with Raman-induced spin-orbit coupling
• A symbiotic nondipolar droplet supersolid in a binary dipolar-nondipolar Dy-Rb mixture