Artificial atoms from cold bosons in one dimension

Abstract

We investigate the ground-state properties of weakly repulsive one-dimensional bosons in the presence of an attractive zero-range impurity potential. First, we derive mean-field solutions to the problem on a finite ring for the two asymptotic cases: (i) all bosons are bound to the impurity and (ii) all bosons are in a scattering state. Moreover, we derive the critical line that separates these regimes in the parameter space. In the thermodynamic limit, this critical line determines the maximum number of bosons that can be bound by the impurity potential, forming an artificial atom. Second, we validate the mean-field results using the flow equation approach and the multi-layer multi-configuration time-dependent Hartree method for atomic mixtures. While beyond-mean-field effects destroy long-range order in the Bose gas, the critical boson number is unaffected. Our findings are important for understanding such artificial atoms in low-density Bose gases with static and mobile impurities.

References in corpus (6)

• In-Medium Similarity Renormalization Group for Nuclei
• Homogeneous Atomic Fermi Gases
• Quantum Monte-Carlo study of the Bose polaron problem in a one-dimensional gas with contact interactions
• Quantum behavior of a heavy impurity strongly coupled to a Bose gas
• Impurities in a one-dimensional Bose gas: the flow equation approach
• Radiofrequency spectroscopy of one-dimensional trapped Bose polarons: crossover from the adiabatic to the diabatic regime

Cited by in corpus (4)

• Few-body Bose gases in low dimensions -- a laboratory for quantum dynamics
• Inducing spin-order with an impurity: phase diagram of the magnetic Bose polaron
• Emergence of a Bose polaron in a small ring threaded by the Aharonov-Bohm flux
• Dynamical formation of two-fold fragmented many-body state induced by an impurity in a double-well