Analyzing the impact of time-correlated noise on zero-noise extrapolation

Abstract

Zero-noise extrapolation is a quantum error mitigation technique that has typically been studied under the ideal approximation that the noise acting on a quantum device is not time-correlated. In this work, we investigate the feasibility and performance of zero-noise extrapolation in the presence of time-correlated noise. We show that, in contrast to white noise, time-correlated noise is harder to mitigate via zero-noise extrapolation because it is difficult to scale the noise level without also modifying its spectral distribution. This limitation is particularly strong if "local" gate-level methods are applied for noise scaling. However, we find that "global" noise scaling methods, e.g., global unitary folding, can be sufficiently reliable even in the presence of time-correlated noise. We also introduce gate Trotterization as a new noise scaling technique that may be of independent interest.

16 pages, 8 figures

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• Mitigating Quantum Errors via Truncated Neumann Series
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• Inverted-circuit zero-noise extrapolation for quantum gate error mitigation
• Completely Positive Map for Noisy Driven Quantum Systems Derived by Keldysh Expansion
• Error Mitigation of BQP Computations using Measurement-Based Verification
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