Quasi-one-dimensional ${}^4$He in nanopores

Abstract

Low temperature structural and superfluid properties of ${}^4$He confined in cylindrical nanopores are theoretically investigated by means of first principle Quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) simulations. We vary the density of ${}^4$He inside the pore, as well as the pore diameter and the potential describing the interaction of each ${}^4$He atom with the pore surface. Accordingly, the ${}^4$He fluid inside the pore forms either a single channel along the axis, or a series of concentric cylindrical shells, with varying degrees of shell overlap. In the limit of pore length greatly exceeding its radius, the ${}^4$He fluid always displays markedly one-dimensional behavior, with no "dimensional crossover" above some specific pore radius and/or as multiple concentric shells form, in contrast to what recently claimed by other authors [Phys. Rev. B 101, 104505 (2020)]. Indeed, the predicted robustness of one-dimensional physics suggests that this system may offer a broadly viable pathway to the experimental observation of exotic behavior of, e.g., junctions of interacting Tomonaga-Luttinger liquids, in an appropriately designed network of nanopores.

9 pages, 8 figures

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• Combining Harmonic Sampling with the Worm Algorithm to Improve the Efficiency of Path Integral Monte Carlo
• Momentum distribution of He-3 in one dimension
• Accurate Helium-Benzene Potential: from CCSD(T) to Gaussian Process Regression
• Friedel oscillations in one-dimensional 4He