Resolution-enhanced parallel coded ptychography for high-throughput optical imaging

Abstract

Ptychography is an enabling coherent diffraction imaging technique for both fundamental and applied sciences. Its applications in optical microscopy, however, fall short for its low imaging throughput and limited resolution. Here, we report a resolution-enhanced parallel coded ptychography technique achieving the highest numerical aperture and an imaging throughput orders of magnitude greater than previous demonstrations. In this platform, we translate the samples across the disorder-engineered surfaces for lensless diffraction data acquisition. The engineered surface consists of chemically etched micron-level phase scatters and printed sub-wavelength intensity absorbers. It is designed to unlock an optical space with spatial extent (x, y) and frequency content (kx, ky) that is inaccessible using conventional lens-based optics. To achieve the best resolution performance, we also report a new coherent diffraction imaging model by considering both the spatial and angular responses of the pixel readouts. Our low-cost prototype can directly resolve 308-nm linewidth on the resolution target without aperture synthesizing. Gigapixel high-resolution microscopic images with a 240-mm^2 effective field of view can be acquired in 15 seconds. For demonstrations, we recover slow-varying 3D phase objects with many 2π wraps, including optical prism and convex lens. The low-frequency phase contents of these objects are challenging to obtain using other existing lensless techniques. For digital pathology applications, we perform accurate virtual staining by using the recovered phase as attention guidance in a deep neural network. Parallel optical processing using the reported technique enables novel optical instruments with inherent quantitative nature and metrological versatility.

arXiv comment17 pages; 7 figures

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Cited by in corpus (7)

• On the use of deep learning for phase recovery
• Blood-coated sensor for high-throughput ptychographic cytometry on a Blu-ray disc
• Lensless polarimetric coded ptychography for high-resolution, high-throughput gigapixel birefringence imaging on a chip
• Spatially-coded Fourier ptychography: flexible and detachable coded thin films for quantitative phase imaging with uniform phase transfer characteristics
• Ptycho-endoscopy on a lensless ultrathin fiber bundle tip
• Deep-ultraviolet ptychographic pocket-scope (DART): mesoscale lensless molecular imaging with label-free spectroscopic contrast
• Multiscale aperture synthesis imager