Strongest Magnetically Induced Transitions in Alkali Metal Atoms with nuclear spin $3/2$

Abstract

The probabilities of atomic transitions $F_e-F_g=\pm 2$ between a ground $F_g$ and an excited $F_e$ level of $D_2$ line of any alkali metal atom are zero when no external magnetic field is applied. In an external magnetic field in the range $0.1-3$ kG, the probabilities of these transitions called magnetically induced (MI) are highly modified. For these MI transitions, we have previously exhibited the following rule: the probabilities of MI transitions with $\Delta F=+2$ are maximal when using ${\sigma }^{+}$-polarized laser radiation, while the probabilities of MI transitions with $\Delta F=-2$ are maximal when using ${\sigma }^{-}$-polarized laser radiation. This difference has been termed Type 1 Magnetically Induced Circular Dichroism (MCD1). It is demonstrated for the first time that for alkali atoms with a nuclear spin $I=3/2$ (${}^{87}\text{Rb}$, ${}^{39}\text{K}$,${}^{23}\text{Na}$, ${}^7\text{Li}$) in magnetic fields $>100$ G, the probability of the strongest ${\sigma }^{+}$ MI transition of the group $F_g=1\to F_e=3^{\prime }$ (transition $|1,-1⟩\to |3^{\prime },0^{\prime }⟩$) is about 4 times higher than the probabilities of the strongest MI ${\sigma }^{-}$-transitions $|1,-1⟩\to |3^{\prime },-2^{\prime }⟩$ and $|2,+1⟩\to |0^{\prime },0^{\prime }⟩$. These properties make the ${\sigma }^{+}$ MI transition $|1,-1⟩\to |3^{\prime },0^{\prime }⟩$ an interesting candidate for the study of magneto-optical processes in strong magnetic fields.

7 pages, 6 figures

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