Unification of BL Lac objects, FR I and FR II(G) radio galaxies and Doppler factor Estimation for BL Lac Objects

Abstract

In this work, we collected a sample of BL Lacs, FR I and FR II(G) radio galaxies with available core and extended emissions from published works to discuss the unified schemes and estimate the Doppler factor for BL Lacs. Wilcoxon rank-sum test and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test both suggest that the probabilities for the distribution of the extended luminosity of BL Lacs and that of FR I and FR II(G) radio galaxies to be from the same parent distribution are $p_{\mathrm{WRS}}=0.779$ and $p_{\mathrm{K}-\mathrm{S}}=0.326$, suggesting they are unified. Based on this unified schemes, we propose to estimate the Doppler factors for BL Lacs. Comparing the Doppler factor estimated by the fitting/regression method with those for the common sources in the literatures, we found a good linear correlation for common sources.

20 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables

References in corpus (2)

• Doppler factors, Lorentz factors and viewing angles for quasars, BL Lacertae objects and radio galaxies
• The Spectral Energy Distributions of Fermi Blazars

Cited by in corpus (2)

• The Estimation of Fundamental Physics Parameters for Fermi-LAT Blazars
• Analysis of the intra-night variability of BL Lacertae during its August 2020 flare