Enhancing disorder-free localization through dynamically emergent local symmetries

Abstract

Disorder-free localization is a recently discovered phenomenon of nonergodicity that can emerge in quantum many-body systems hosting gauge symmetries when the initial state is prepared in a superposition of gauge superselection sectors. Thermalization is then prevented up to all accessible evolution times despite the model being nonintegrable and translation-invariant. In a recent work [Halimeh, Zhao, Hauke, and Knolle, arXiv:2111.02427], it has been shown that terms linear in the gauge-symmetry generator stabilize disorder-free localization in $\mathrm{U}(1)$ gauge theories against gauge errors that couple different superselection sectors. Here, we show in the case of ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ gauge theories that disorder-free localization can not only be stabilized, but also \textit{enhanced} by the addition of translation-invariant terms linear in a local ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ \textit{pseudogenerator} that acts identically to the full generator in a single superselection sector, but not necessarily outside of it. We show analytically and numerically how this leads through the quantum Zeno effect to the dynamical emergence of a renormalized gauge theory with an enhanced local symmetry, which contains the ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ gauge symmetry of the ideal model, associated with the ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ pseudogenerator. The resulting proliferation of superselection sectors due to this dynamically emergent gauge theory creates an effective disorder greater than that in the original model, thereby enhancing disorder-free localization. We demonstrate the experimental feasibility of the ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ pseudogenerator by providing a detailed readily implementable experimental proposal for the observation of disorder-free localization in a Rydberg setup.

Accepted (in PRX Quantum) version

References in corpus (20)

• Probing many-body dynamics on a 51-atom quantum simulator
• Many-Body Physics with Individually-Controlled Rydberg Atoms
• Spectral signatures of many-body localization with interacting photons
• Observation of gauge invariance in a 71-site Bose-Hubbard quantum simulator
• Realizing a scalable building block of a U(1) gauge theory with cold atomic mixtures
• Hilbert-Space Fragmentation from Strict Confinement
• Many-body localization dynamics from gauge invariance
• Simulating 2+1d Lattice QED with dynamical matter using ultracold atoms
• Digital quantum simulation of ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ lattice gauge theories with dynamical fermionic matter
• Quantum simulation of the Schwinger model: A study of feasibility
• Implementing quantum electrodynamics with ultracold atomic systems
• Disorder-free localization in an interacting two-dimensional lattice gauge theory
• Real time dynamics and proposal for feasible experiments of lattice gauge-Higgs model simulated by cold atoms
• Observation of Bloch Oscillations and Wannier-Stark Localization on a Superconducting Processor
• ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ lattice gauge theories and Kitaev's toric code: A scheme for analog quantum simulation
• Logarithmic entanglement growth from disorder-free localization in the two-leg compass ladder
• Confinement and Mott transitions of dynamical charges in 1D lattice gauge theories
• Thermal transport in a two-dimensional ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ spin liquid
• Disorder-free localization in a simple $U(1)$ lattice gauge theory
• Subdiffusive dynamics and critical quantum correlations in a disorder-free localized Kitaev honeycomb model out of equilibrium

Cited by in corpus (28)

• Unified theory of local quantum many-body dynamics: Eigenoperator thermalization theorems
• Realistic scheme for quantum simulation of ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ lattice gauge theories with dynamical matter in $(2+1)$D
• Constrained Optimization via Quantum Zeno Dynamics
• Probing confinement in a ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ lattice gauge theory on a quantum computer
• Disorder-free localization with Stark gauge protection
• Confinement in 1+1D ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ Lattice Gauge Theories at Finite Temperature
• Hilbert space fragmentation at the origin of disorder-free localization in the lattice Schwinger model
• Dynamical localization transition in the non-Hermitian lattice gauge theory
• Local integrals of motion and the stability of many-body localisation in Wannier-Stark potentials
• Confinement Induced Frustration in a One-Dimensional ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ Lattice Gauge Theory
• From the Quantum Breakdown Model to the Lattice Gauge Theory
• Many-Body Non-Hermitian Skin Effect with Exact Steady States in the Dissipative Quantum Link Model
• Fractionalized holes in one-dimensional ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ gauge theory coupled to fermion matter -- deconfined dynamics and emergent integrability
• Disorder-Free Localization as a Purely Classical Effect
• Spectral response of disorder-free localized lattice gauge theories
• Confinement-Induced Enhancement of Superconductivity in a Spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ Fermion Chain Coupled to a ${\mathbb{Z}}_2$ Lattice Gauge Field
• Opening Krylov space to access all-time dynamics via dynamical symmetries
• Localisation and Sub-Diffusive Transport in Quantum Spin Chains With Dilute Disorder
• Quantum Simulation with Gauge Fixing: from Ising Lattice Gauge Theory to Dynamical Flux Model
• Enhanced localization in the prethermal regime of continuously measured many-body localized systems
• Achieving the quantum field theory limit in far-from-equilibrium quantum link models
• Fate of chiral order and impurity self-pinning in flat bands with local symmetry
• One-dimensional $Z_2$ lattice gauge theory in periodic Gauss-law sectors
• Disorder-Free Localization and Fragmentation in a Non-Abelian Lattice Gauge Theory
• Protecting Hilbert space fragmentation through quantum Zeno dynamics
• Robust quantum many-body scars in lattice gauge theories
• Disorder-free localization transition in a two-dimensional lattice gauge theory
• Stabilizing confined quasiparticle dynamics in one-dimensional polar lattice gases