Initial-state temperature of light meson emission source from squared momentum transfer spectra in high-energy collisions

Abstract

The squared momentum transfer spectra of light mesons, ${\pi }^0$, ${\pi }^{+}$, $\eta$, and ${\rho }^0$, produced in high-energy virtual photon-proton (${\gamma }^{\ast }p$) $\to \mathrm{meson}+\mathrm{nucleon}$ process in electron-proton ($ep$) collisions measured by the CLAS Collaboration are analyzed by the Monte Carlo calculations, where the transfer undergoes from the incident ${\gamma }^{\ast }$ to emitted meson or equivalently from the target proton to emitted nucleon. In the calculations, the Erlang distribution from a multi-source thermal model is used to describe the transverse momentum spectra of emitted particles. Our results show that the average transverse momentum ($⟨p_T⟩$) and the initial-state temperature ($T_i$) increase from lower squared photon virtuality ($Q^2$) and Bjorken variable ($x_B$) to higher one. This renders that the excitation degree of emission source, which is described by $⟨p_T⟩$ and $T_i$, increases with increasing of $Q^2$ and $x_B$.

arXiv comment17 pages, 6 figures. Frontiers in Physics, accepted

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