Novel Corrections to the Momentum Sum Rule for Nuclear Structure Functions
arXiv:2110.13682 · doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2021.136812
Abstract
We address novel features of deep inelastic lepton scattering on nuclei at small Bjorken variable . In this regime the lepton-nuclear cross section involves the interference between the standard lepton-quark scattering amplitude for the deep inelastic scattering (DIS) process on a single nucleon and a two-step process where diffractive scattering on a first nucleon combines with the amplitude for DIS on a second nucleon. The phases associated with the -channel exchanges to the diffractive amplitude can produce either a destructive or constructive quantum-mechanical interference of the one-step and two-step amplitudes. This provides a mechanism regulating the respective amounts of shadowing suppression and anti-shadowing enhancement at low . Furthermore, the standard leading-twist operator product and handbag diagram analyses of the forward virtual Compton amplitude on the nucleus are inapplicable, barring a conventional probabilistic interpretation. A main observable consequence is the impossibility of extracting momentum and spin sum rules from nuclear structure functions. We present numerical predictions supporting this picture and test them against DIS neutrino-nucleus and charged-lepton-nucleus scattering data.
7 pages, 3 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1908.06317
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