"Twist-Controlled" force amplification \& Spinning tension transition in yarn

Abstract

Combining experiments and numerical simulations with a mechanical/statistical model of twisted yarns, we discuss the spinning transition between a cohesion-less assembly of fibers into a yarn. We show that this transition is continuous but very sharp due to a giant amplification of frictional forces which scales as $\exp {\theta }^2$, where $\theta$ is the twist angle. We demonstrate that this transition is controlled solely by a non-dimensional number $\mathcal{H}$ involving twist, friction coefficient, and geometric lengths. A critical value of this number $\mathcal{H}\simeq 30$ can be linked to a locking of the fibers together as the tensile strength is reached. This critical value imposes that yarns must be very slender structures with a given pitch. It also induces the existence of an optimal yarn radius. Predictions of our theory are successfully compared to yarns made from natural cotton fibers.

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Cited by in corpus (10)

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• Indentation of an elastic arch on a frictional substrate: Pinning, unfolding and snapping
• Stick-slip in a stack: how slip dissonance reveals aging
• Vane rheology of a fiber-reinforced granular material
• Bundling architecture in elastic filaments with applied twist
• Granular drag and lift force on a flexible fiber
• Molecular dynamics simulations reveal internal tension in native state collagen fibrils