Two Nambu-Goldstone zero modes for rotating Bose-Einstein condensates
arXiv:2109.04648 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.104.L061301
Abstract
We consider rotating finite size vortex arrays in Bose-Einstein condensates that are confined by cylindrically symmetric external potentials. We show that such systems possess two exact Nambu-Goldstone zero modes associated with two spontaneously broken continuous symmetries of the system. We verify our analytical result via direct numerical diagonalizations of the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations. We conclude by comparing rotating vortex lattices in superfluids to supersolids and discrete time crystals.
arXiv comment6 pages, 3 figures
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