Experimental observation of inter-orbital coupling

Abstract

Inter-orbital coupling refers to the possibility of exciting orbital states by otherwise orthogonal non-interacting modes, a forbidden process in photonic lattices due to an intrinsic propagation constant detuning. In this work, using a femtosecond laser writing technique, we experimentally demonstrate that fundamental and excited orbital states can couple each other when located at different spatial positions. We perform a full characterization of an asymmetric double-well like potential and implement a scan method to effectively map the dynamics along the propagation coordinate. Our fundamental observation constitutes also a direct solution for a spatial mode converter device, which could be located in any position inside a photonic glass chip. By taking advantage of the phase structure of higher-order photonic modes and the effective negative coupling generated, we propose a trimer configuration as a phase beam splitter ($\pi$-BS), which could be of great relevance for multiplexing and interference-based photonic concatenated operations.

arXiv comment6 pages main text, 3 figures, 6 pages supplementary material, 7 figures

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• Nonlinear Switch and Spatial Lattice Solitons of Photonic s-p Orbitals
• A mono-atomic orbital-based 1D topological crystalline insulator
• Tailoring higher-order topological phases via orbital hybridization
• Bend-Free Multiarm Interferometers on Optical Chips
• Nonlinear compact localized modes in flux-dressed octagonal-diamond photonic lattice
• Controlled transport based on multiorbital Aharonov-Bohm photonic caging
• Orbital Frontiers: Harnessing Higher Modes in Photonic Simulators