Quantum squeezing and sensing with pseudo anti-parity-time symmetry

Abstract

The emergence of parity-time ($\mathcal{P}\mathcal{T}$) symmetry has greatly enriched our study of symmetry-enabled non-Hermitian physics, but the realization of quantum $\mathcal{P}\mathcal{T}$-symmetry faces an intrinsic issue of unavoidable symmetry-breaking Langevin noises. Here we construct a quantum pseudo-anti-$\mathcal{P}\mathcal{T}$ (pseudo-$\mathcal{A}\mathcal{P}\mathcal{T}$) symmetry in a two-mode bosonic system without involving Langevin noises. We show that the spontaneous pseudo-$\mathcal{A}\mathcal{P}\mathcal{T}$ symmetry breaking leads to an exceptional point, across which there is a transition between different types of quantum squeezing dynamics, i.e., the squeezing factor increases exponentially (oscillates periodically) with time in the pseudo-$\mathcal{A}\mathcal{P}\mathcal{T}$ symmetric (broken) region. Such dramatic changes of squeezing factors and quantum dynamics near the exceptional point are utilized for ultra-precision quantum sensing. These exotic quantum phenomena and sensing applications can be experimentally observed in two physical systems: spontaneous wave mixing nonlinear optics and atomic Bose-Einstein condensates. Our work offers a physical platform for investigating exciting $\mathcal{A}\mathcal{P}\mathcal{T}$ symmetry physics in the quantum realm, paving the way for exploring fundamental quantum non-Hermitian effects and their quantum technological applications.

arXiv comment6 + 8 pages, 3 + 3 figures. To appear in PRL

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