Expressive Power and Loss Surfaces of Deep Learning Models

Abstract

The goals of this paper are two-fold. The first goal is to serve as an expository tutorial on the working of deep learning models which emphasizes geometrical intuition about the reasons for success of deep learning. The second goal is to complement the current results on the expressive power of deep learning models and their loss surfaces with novel insights and results. In particular, we describe how deep neural networks carve out manifolds especially when the multiplication neurons are introduced. Multiplication is used in dot products and the attention mechanism and it is employed in capsule networks and self-attention based transformers. We also describe how random polynomial, random matrix, spin glass and computational complexity perspectives on the loss surfaces are interconnected.

27 Pages, Color Illustrations, Excerpt of and based on an AI book by the author

References in corpus (5)

• The Loss Surfaces of Multilayer Networks
• Identifying and attacking the saddle point problem in high-dimensional non-convex optimization
• Large Deviations of Extreme Eigenvalues of Random Matrices
• Qualitatively characterizing neural network optimization problems
• Normalized Attention Without Probability Cage