Deterministic Time-Bin Entanglement between a Single Photon and an Atomic Ensemble

Abstract

Hybrid matter-photon entanglement is the building block for quantum networks. It is very favorable if the entanglement can be prepared with a high probability. In this paper, we report the deterministic creation of entanglement between an atomic ensemble and a single photon by harnessing Rydberg blockade. We design a scheme that creates entanglement between a single photon's temporal modes and the Rydberg levels that host a collective excitation, using a process of cyclical retrieving and patching. The hybrid entanglement is tested via retrieving the atomic excitation as a second photon and performing correlation measurements, which suggest an entanglement fidelity of 87.8%. Our source of matter-photon entanglement will enable the entangling of remote quantum memories with much higher efficiency.

6 pages, 4 figures

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• Strongly non-linear interaction between non-classical light and a blockaded Rydberg atomic ensemble
• Remote Quantum Networks based on Quantum Memories
• Continuously tunable single-photon level nonlinearity with Rydberg state wave-function engineering
• Near-unity indistinguishability of single photons emitted from dissimilar and independent atomic quantum nodes
• Scalable Timing Coordination of Bell State Analyzers in Quantum Networks
• Accelerated Rydberg electromagnetically induced transparency quantum memory via shortcuts to adiabaticity