Real-Space Inversion and Super-Resolution of Ultrafast Scattering

Abstract

Ultrafast scattering using X-rays or electrons is an emerging method to obtain structure dynamics at the atomic length and time scales. However, directly resolving in real-space atomic motions is inherently limited by the finite detector range and the probe energy. As a result, the time-resolved signal interpretation is mostly done in reciprocal space and relies on modeling and simulations of specific structures and processes. Here, we introduce a model-free approach to directly resolve scattering signals in real space, surpassing the diffraction limit, using scattering kernels and signal priors that naturally arise from the measurement constraints. We demonstrate the approach on simulated and experimental data, recover multiple atomic motions at sub-$\angstrom$ngstrom resolutions, and discuss the recovery accuracy and resolution limits vs signal fidelity. The approach offers a robust path to obtain high-resolution real-space information of atomic-scale structure dynamics using current time-resolved X-ray or electron scattering sources.

10 pages, 5 figures

References in corpus (6)

• Imaging electronic quantum motion with light
• Self-referenced coherent diffraction x-ray movie of Angstrom- and femtosecond-scale atomic motion
• Femtosecond X-Ray Scattering Study of Ultrafast Photoinduced Structural Dynamics in Solvated [Co(terpy)2]2+
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Cited by in corpus (3)

• Super-resolution femtosecond electron diffraction reveals electronic and nuclear dynamics at conical intersections
• Applying Bayesian Inference and deterministic anisotropy to retrieve the molecular structure $|\Psi (\mathbf{R}){|}^2$ distribution from gas-phase diffraction experiments
• Retrieval of missing small-angle scattering data in gas-phase diffraction experiments