Characterisation of quantum betting tasks in terms of Arimoto mutual information

Abstract

We introduce operational quantum tasks based on betting with risk-aversion -- or quantum betting tasks for short -- inspired by standard quantum state discrimination and classical horse betting with risk-aversion and side information. In particular, we introduce the operational tasks of quantum state betting (QSB), noisy quantum state betting (nQSB), and quantum channel betting (QCB) played by gamblers with different risk tendencies. We prove that the advantage that informative measurements (non-constant channels) provide in QSB (nQSB) is exactly characterised by Arimoto's $\alpha$-mutual information, with the order $\alpha$ determining the risk aversion of the gambler. More generally, we show that Arimoto-type information-theoretic quantities characterise the advantage that resourceful objects offer at playing quantum betting tasks when compared to resourceless objects, for general quantum resource theories (QRTs) of measurements, channels, states, and state-measurement pairs, with arbitrary resources. In limiting cases, we show that QSB (QCB) recovers the known tasks of quantum state (channel) discrimination when $\alpha \to \infty$, and quantum state (channel) exclusion when $\alpha \to -\infty$. Inspired by these connections, we also introduce new quantum Rényi divergences for measurements, and derive a new family of resource monotones for the QRT of measurement informativeness. This family of resource monotones recovers in the same limiting cases as above, the generalised robustness and the weight of informativeness. Altogether, these results establish a broad and continuous family of four-way correspondences between operational tasks, mutual information measures, quantum Rényi divergences, and resource monotones, that can be seen to generalise two limiting correspondences that were recently discovered for the QRT of measurement informativeness.

Substantially revised version, in light of referee comments, including significant extension of the results. 20+17 pages, 6 figures

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