Integrality, Duality and Finiteness in Combinatoric Topological Strings

Abstract

A remarkable result at the intersection of number theory and group theory states that the order of a finite group $G$ (denoted $|G|$) is divisible by the dimension $d_R$ of any irreducible complex representation of $G$. We show that the integer ratios $|G{|}^2/d_R^2$ are combinatorially constructible using finite algorithms which take as input the amplitudes of combinatoric topological strings ($G$-CTST) of finite groups based on 2D Dijkgraaf-Witten topological field theories ($G$-TQFT2). The ratios are also shown to be eigenvalues of handle creation operators in $G$-TQFT2/$G$-CTST. These strings have recently been discussed as toy models of wormholes and baby universes by Marolf and Maxfield, and Gardiner and Megas. Boundary amplitudes of the $G$-TQFT2/$G$-CTST provide algorithms for combinatoric constructions of normalized characters. Stringy S-duality for closed $G$-CTST gives a dual expansion generated by disconnected entangled surfaces. There are universal relations between $G$-TQFT2 amplitudes due to the finiteness of the number $K$ of conjugacy classes. These relations can be labelled by Young diagrams and are captured by null states in an inner product constructed by coupling the $G$-TQFT2 to a universal TQFT2 based on symmetric group algebras. We discuss the scenario of a 3D holographic dual for this coupled theory and the implications of the scenario for the factorization puzzle of 2D/3D holography raised by wormholes in 3D.

arXiv comment50 pages, 4 Figures; v2 - refs added, typos corrected

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