Topological entanglement and hyperbolic volume

Abstract

The entanglement entropy of many quantum systems is difficult to compute in general. They are obtained as a limiting case of the Rényi entropy of index $m$, which captures the higher moments of the reduced density matrix. In this work, we study pure bipartite states associated with $S^3$ complements of a two-component link which is a connected sum of a knot $\mathcal{K}$ and the Hopf link. For this class of links, the Chern-Simons theory provides the necessary setting to visualise the $m$-moment of the reduced density matrix as a three-manifold invariant $Z(M_{{\mathcal{K}}_m})$, which is the partition function of $M_{{\mathcal{K}}_m}$. Here $M_{{\mathcal{K}}_m}$ is a closed 3-manifold associated with the knot ${\mathcal{K}}_m$, where ${\mathcal{K}}_m$ is a connected sum of $m$-copies of $\mathcal{K}$ (i.e., $\mathcal{K}\#\mathcal{K}\dots \#\mathcal{K}$) which mimics the well-known replica method. We analyse the partition functions $Z(M_{{\mathcal{K}}_m})$ for SU(2) and SO(3) gauge groups, in the limit of the large Chern-Simons coupling $k$. For SU(2) group, we show that $Z(M_{{\mathcal{K}}_m})$ can grow at most polynomially in $k$. On the contrary, we conjecture that $Z(M_{{\mathcal{K}}_m})$ for SO(3) group shows an exponential growth in $k$, where the leading term of $\ln Z(M_{{\mathcal{K}}_m})$ is the hyperbolic volume of the knot complement $S^3\backslash {\mathcal{K}}_m$. We further propose that the Rényi entropies associated with SO(3) group converge to a finite value in the large $k$ limit. We present some examples to validate our conjecture and proposal.

38 pages, 24 figures & 15 tables; v2: Introduction & Conclusion modified, new subsection added in section 3, three new references added; matches published version

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