Experimental study of quantum uncertainty from lack of information
arXiv:2105.09005 · doi:10.1038/s41534-022-00572-w
Abstract
Quantum uncertainty is a well-known property of quantum mechanics that states the impossibility of predicting measurement outcomes of multiple incompatible observables simultaneously. In contrast, the uncertainty in the classical domain comes from the lack of information about the exact state of the system. One may naturally ask, whether the quantum uncertainty is indeed a fully intrinsic property of the quantum theory, or whether similarly to the classical domain lack of knowledge about specific parts of the physical system might be the source of this uncertainty. This question has been addressed in the previous literature where the authors argue that in the entropic formulation of the uncertainty principle that can be illustrated using the, so-called, guessing games, indeed such lack of information has a significant contribution to the arising quantum uncertainty. Here we investigate this issue experimentally by implementing the corresponding two-dimensional and three-dimensional guessing games. Our results confirm that within the guessing-game framework, the quantum uncertainty to a large extent relies on the fact that quantum information determining the key properties of the game is stored in the degrees of freedom that remain inaccessible to the guessing party. Moreover, we offer an experimentally compact method to construct the high-dimensional Fourier gate which is a major building block for various tasks in quantum computation, quantum communication, and quantum metrology.
close to the version published in npj quantum information
References in corpus (10)
- Quantum computational advantage using photons
- Phase-Programmable Gaussian Boson Sampling Using Stimulated Squeezed Light
- A quantum delayed choice experiment
- Entanglement-enabled delayed choice experiment
- Equivalence of wave-particle duality to entropic uncertainty
- Characterization of high-dimensional entangled systems via mutually unbiased measurements
- Efficient generation of high-dimensional entanglement through multi-path downconversion
- Implementation of a Walsh-Hadamard gate in a superconducting qutrit
- Determining the parity of a permutation using an experimental NMR qutrit
- Choice of mutually unbiased bases and outcome labelling affects measurement outcome secrecy