A persistently singular map of ${\mathbb{T}}^n$ that is $C^2$ robustly transitive but is not $C^1$ robustly transitive

Abstract

Let $\mathcal{E}$ be the set of endomorphisms of the $n$-torus. We exhibit an example of a map such that is robustly transitive if $\mathcal{E}$ is endowed with the $C^2$ topology but is not robustly transitive if $\mathcal{E}$ is endowed with the $C^1$ topology.