Ground State Properties Of The One-Dimensional Hubbard Model: Symmetry Projected Variational Wave Function Approach

Abstract

We use the $C_{4v}$ symmetry group of the 4-site Hubbard model to construct a ground state variational wave function of two- and four interacting electrons. In the limit $U\to 0$, ground state energies of the two- and four interacting electrons system is of the order $-4t$. The variational wave function of the four interacting electrons obtained using the $B_1$ irreducible representation is valid for on-site Coulomb repulsion, while the one obtained using the $A_1$ representation is valid for negative values of the Coulomb interaction. The system exhibits antiferromagnetic correlations.