Surface defects in gauge theory and KZ equation
arXiv:2103.12611 · doi:10.1007/s11005-022-01511-8
Abstract
We study the regular surface defect in the Omega-deformed four-dimensional supersymmetric gauge theory with gauge group SU(N) with 2N hypermultiplets in fundamental representation. We prove its vacuum expectation value obeys the Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equation for the 4-point conformal block of current algebra of a two-dimensional conformal field theory. The level and the vertex operators are determined by the parameters of the Omega-background and the masses of the hypermultiplets; the cross-ratio of the 4 points is determined by the complexified gauge coupling. We clarify that in a somewhat subtle way the branching rule is parametrized by the Coulomb moduli. This is an example of the BPS/CFT relation.
arXiv commentv3 41 page, 2 figures; some typos fixed, added additional clarifications of the main calculation
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