Brumer-Stark Units and Explicit Class Field Theory

Abstract

Let $F$ be a totally real field of degree $n$ and $p$ an odd prime. We prove the $p$-part of the integral Gross--Stark conjecture for the Brumer--Stark $p$-units living in CM abelian extensions of $F$. In previous work, the first author showed that such a result implies an exact $p$-adic analytic formula for these Brumer--Stark units up to a bounded root of unity error, including a ``real multiplication'' analogue of Shimura's celebrated reciprocity law from the theory of Complex Multiplication. In this paper we show that the Brumer--Stark units, along with $n-1$ other easily described elements (these are simply square roots of certain elements of $F$) generate the maximal abelian extension of $F$. We therefore obtain an unconditional construction of the maximal abelian extension of any totally real field, albeit one that involves $p$-adic integration for infinitely many primes $p$. Our method of proof of the integral Gross--Stark conjecture is a generalization of our previous work on the Brumer--Stark conjecture. We apply Ribet's method in the context of group ring valued Hilbert modular forms. A key new construction here is the definition of a Galois module $\nabla_{\!\sL}$ that incorporates an integral version of the Greenberg--Stevens $\sL$-invariant into the theory of Ritter--Weiss modules. This allows for the reinterpretation of Gross's conjecture as the vanishing of the Fitting ideal of $\nabla_{\!\sL}$. This vanishing is obtained by constructing a quotient of $\nabla_{\!\sL}$ whose Fitting ideal vanishes using the Galois representations associated to cuspidal Hilbert modular forms..

70 pages (to appear in Duke Math. J.)