Actinide crystallization and fission reactions in cooling white dwarf stars

Abstract

The first solids that form as a cooling white dwarf (WD) starts to crystallize are expected to be greatly enriched in actinides. This is because the melting points of WD matter scale as $Z^{5/3}$ and actinides have the largest charge $Z$. We estimate that the solids may be so enriched in actinides that they could support a fission chain reaction. This reaction could ignite carbon burning and lead to the explosion of an isolated WD in a thermonuclear supernova (SN Ia). Our mechanism could potentially explain SN Ia with sub-Chandrasekhar ejecta masses and short delay times.

arXiv comment8 pages, 6 figures total including Appendix, Phys. Rev. Let. in press

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• Nuclear fission reaction simulations in compact stars
• Deep MUSE observations of SNR 0509-67.5 reveal a double degenerate merger progenitor