Carbon dust in the evolved born-again planetary nebulae A30 and A78

Abstract

We present an infrared (IR) characterization of the born-again planetary nebulae (PNe) A30 and A78 using IR images and spectra. We demonstrate that the carbon-rich dust in A30 and A78 is spatially coincident with the H-poor ejecta and coexists with hot X-ray-emitting gas up to distances of 50${}^{\prime \prime }$ from the central stars (CSPNs). Dust forms immediately after the born-again event and survives for 1000 yr in the harsh environment around the CSPN as it is destroyed and pushed away by radiation pressure and dragged by hydrodynamical effects. Spitzer IRS spectral maps showed that the broad spectral features at 6.4 and 8.0 $\mu$m, attributed to amorphous carbon formed in H-deficient environments, are associated with the disrupted disk around their CSPN, providing an optimal environment for charge exchange reactions with the stellar wind that produces the soft X-ray emission of these sources. Nebular and dust properties are modeled for A30 with Cloudy taking into account different carbonaceous dust species. Our models predict dust temperatures in the 40-230 K range, five times lower than predicted by previous works. Gas and dust masses for the born-again ejecta in A30 are estimated to be $M_{\mathrm{gas}}=(4.41_{-0.14}^{+0.55})\times 10^{-3}$ M${}_{\odot }$ and $M_{\mathrm{dust}}=(3.20_{-2.06}^{+3.21})\times 10^{-3}$ M${}_{\odot }$, which can be used to estimate a total ejected mass and mass-loss rate for the born-again event of $(7.61_{-2.20}^{+3.76})\times 10^{-3}$ M${}_{\odot }$ and $\dot{M}=[5-60]\times 10^{-5}$ M${}_{\odot }$ yr${}^{-1}$, respectively. Taking into account the carbon trapped into dust grains, we estimate that the C/O mass ratio of the H-poor ejecta of A30 is larger than 1, which favors the very late thermal pulse model over the alternate hypothesis of a nova-like event.

arXiv comment14 pages, 11 Figures, 1 Table; Accepted to MNRAS

References in corpus (33)

• On the Absorption of X-rays in the Interstellar Medium
• Estimating distances from parallaxes IV: Distances to 1.33 billion stars in Gaia Data Release 2
• Spectral Mapping Reconstruction of Extended Sources
• Radiation-Hydrodynamic Models of the evolving Circumstellar Medium around Massive Stars
• Physical conditions in the planetary nebula Abell 30
• Dust in active galactic nuclei. Mid-infrared T-ReCS/Gemini spectra using the new RedCan pipeline
• New evolutionary calculations for the Born Again scenario
• Central Stars of Planetary Nebulae: New spectral classifications and catalogue
• V605 Aql: The Older Twin of Sakurai's Object
• The hydrogen-deficient knot of the `born again' planetary nebula Abell 58 (V605 Aql)
• The rise and fall of V4334 Sgr (Sakurai's Object)
• The onset of photoionization in Sakurai's Object (V4334 Sgr)
• On the X-ray temperature of hot gas in diffuse nebulae
• CO bands in V4334 Sgr (Sakurai's Object): the 12C/13C ratio
• The Spitzer IRS view of V4334 Sgr (Sakurai's Object)
• Diffuse X-ray Emission from Planetary Nebulae with Nebular O VI
• Expansion of hydrogen-poor knots in the born-again planetary nebulae A30 and A78
• Evolution of the 1919 Ejecta of V605 Aquilae
• V605 Aquilae: a born again star, a nova or both?
• The born-again planetary nebula A78: an X-ray twin of A30
• Abell 30 -- A Binary Central Star Among the Born-Again Planetary Nebulae
• The inside-out planetary nebula around a born-again star
• Dust around R Coronae Borealis stars: II. Infrared emission features in a H-poor environment
• FUSE Observations of Nebular O VI Emission from NGC 6543
• Modeling dust emission in PN IC 418
• The Anomalous Infrared Emission of Abell 58
• The infrared view of dust and molecules around V4334 Sgr (Sakurai's Object): a 20-year retrospective
• Infrared properties of Planetary Nebulae with [WR] and $wels$ central stars
• Unveiling the stellar origin of the Wolf-Rayet nebula NGC6888 through infrared observations
• Dust in the Wolf-Rayet Nebula M1-67
• WR 72: a born-again planetary nebula with hydrogen-poor knots
• HST STIS observations of the mixing layer in the Cat's Eye Nebula
• (sub)Millimeter Emission Lines of Molecules in Born-again Stars

Cited by in corpus (15)

• Dust destruction and survival in the Cassiopeia A reverse shock
• Chemistry and physical properties of the born-again planetary nebula HuBi 1
• Physical and chemical properties of Wolf-Rayet planetary nebulae
• Formation and fate of the born-again planetary nebula HuBi 1
• Planetary nebulae with Wolf-Rayet-type central stars -- IV. NGC 1501 and its mixing layer
• Non-thermal radio emission in Sakurai's Object
• Common envelope evolution in born-again planetary nebulae -- Shaping the H-deficient ejecta of A30
• First images of the molecular gas around a born-again star revealed by ALMA
• Abundance Analysis of the J4 Equatorial Knot of the Born-again Planetary Nebula A30
• Spectral variability of the born-again ejecta in A 58
• A primer on the formation and evolution of hydrogen deficient Central Stars of Planetary Nebulæ and Related Objects
• Morpho-kinematic and photoionization models of the multipolar structures in planetary nebula NGC 6572
• Appraising the Necklace: A post-common-envelope carbon dwarf inside an apparently carbon-poor planetary nebula
• Planetary nebulae with Wolf-Rayet-type central stars -- III. A detailed view of NGC 6905 and its central star
• Is the nitrogen-rich source PN K4-47 a true planetary nebula?