Exact \textit{pp}-waves, (A)dS waves and Kundt spaces in the Abelian-Higgs model

Abstract

We find new exact solutions of the Abelian-Higgs model coupled to General Relativity, characterized by a non-vanishing superconducting current. The solutions correspond to \textit{pp}-waves, AdS waves, and Kundt spaces, for which both the Maxwell field and the gradient of the phase of the scalar are aligned with the null direction defining these spaces. In the Kundt family, the geometry of the two-dimensional surfaces orthogonal to the superconducting current is determined by the solutions of the two-dimensional Liouville equation, and in consequence, these surfaces are of constant curvature, as it occurs in a vacuum. The solution to the Liouville equation also acts as a potential for the Maxwell field, which we integrate into a closed-form. Using these results, we show that the combined effects of the gravitational and scalar interactions can confine the electromagnetic field within a bounded region in the surfaces transverse to the current.

arXiv comment14 pages. This corresponds to the published version in Physical Review D (Vol. 103, No. 8)

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• Kundt Gravitational Waves Coupled with a Non-Noetherian Conformal Scalar Field