New upper bounds for the forgotten index among bicyclic graphs

Abstract

The forgotten topological index of a graph $G$, denoted by $F(G)$, is defined as the sum of weights $d(u{)}^2+d(v{)}^2$ over all edges $uv$ of $G$ , where $d(u)$ denotes the degree of a vertex $u$. In this paper, we give sharp upper bounds of the F-index (forgotten topological index) over bicyclic graphs, in terms of the order and maximum degree.