Continuous wave second harmonic generation enabled by quasi-bound-states in the continuum on gallium phosphide metasurfaces

Abstract

Resonant metasurfaces are an attractive platform for enhancing the non-linear optical processes, such as second harmonic generation (SHG), since they can generate very large local electromagnetic fields while relaxing the phase-matching requirements. Here, we take this platform a step closer to the practical applications by demonstrating visible range, continuous wave (CW) SHG. We do so by combining the attractive material properties of gallium phosphide with engineered, high quality-factor photonic modes enabled by bound states in the continuum. For the optimum case, we obtain efficiencies around 5e-5 % W${}^{-1}$ when the system is pumped at 1200 nm wavelength with CW intensities of 1 kW/cm${}^2$. Moreover, we measure external efficiencies as high as 0.1 % W${}^{-1}$ with pump intensities of only 10 MW/cm${}^2$ for pulsed irradiation. This efficiency is higher than the values previously reported for dielectric metasurfaces, but achieved here with pump intensities that are two orders of magnitude lower.

References in corpus (3)

• Resonantly enhanced second-harmonic generation using III-V semiconductor all-dielectric metasurfaces
• Functional meta-optics and nanophotonics govern by Mie resonances
• Resonant Asymmetric All-Dielectric Metasurface for Boosting Third-Harmonic Generation

Cited by in corpus (1)

• Spontaneous Parametric Down-Conversion from Resonant Metasurfaces